单项选择题 Composers today use a wider variety of sounds than ever before, including manythat were once considered undesirable noises. Composer Edgard Varese (1883-1965)called thus the 'liberation of sound...the right to make music with any and all sounds.'Electronic music, for example―made with the aid of computers, synthesizers, and(5) electronic instruments―may include sounds that in the past would not have beenconsdered musical Environmental sounds, such as thunder, and electronically generatedhisses and blips can be recorded, manipulated, and then incorporated into a musicalcomposition. But composers also draw novel sounds from voices and nonelectronicinstruments. Singers may be asked to scream, laugh, groan, sneeze, or to sing phonetic(10) sounds rather than words. Wind and string players may lap or scrape their instruments.A brass or woodwind player may hum while playing, to produce two pitches at once; a pianist may reach inside the piano to pluck a string and then run a metal blade along it. Inthe music of the Western world, the greatest expansion and experimentation have involvedpercussion instruments, which outnumber strings and winds in many recent compositions.(15) Traditional percussion instruments are struck with new types of beaters; and instrumentsthat used to be couriered unconvennonal in Western music―tom-toms, bongos,slapsticks, maracas―are widelv used. In the search for novel sounds, increased use has been made in Western music ofMicrotones. Non-Western music typically divides and interval between two pitches more(20) finely than Western music does, thereby producing a greter number of distinct tones,or micro tones, within the same interval. Composers such as Krzysztof Pmderecki createsound that borders on electronic noise through tone clusters―closely spaced tones playedtogether and heard as a mass, block, or band of sound. The directional aspect of sound hastaken on new importance as well Loudspeakers or groups of instruments may be placed(25) at opposite ends of the stage, in the balcony, or at the back and sides of the auditorium.Because standard music notation makes no provision for many of these innovations,recent music scores may contain graphlike diagrams, new note shapes and symbols, andnovel ways of arranging notation on the page. What does the passage mainly discuss?A．The use of nontraditional sounds in contemporary musicB．How sounds are produced electronicallyC．How standard musical notation has beer, adapted for nontraditional soundsD．Several composers who have experimented with the electronic production of sound

单项选择题 内存按字节编址，地址从A4000H～CBFFFH，共(1)字节，若用存储容量32K×8bit的存储芯片构成内存，至少需要(2)片。(48)

单项选择题 设有一个存储器，容量是256KB，cache容量是2KB，每次交换的数据块是16B。则主存可划分为(7)块，cache地址需(8)位。(52)