未知题型 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay 'On a Sense of Responsibility'. You should write at least i20 words following the outline given below.1. 在当今社会，因缺乏责任感而引发的事故频频发生，可举例(如官员渎职、医疗事故、安全事故等：加以说明。2. 从一个大学生的角度，谈一下加强责任感的重要性及如何培养责任感。

未知题型 &8226;Look at the statements below and the information about products on the opposite page.&8226;Which product (A, B, C or D) does each statement 1-7 refer to?&8226;For each statement 1-7, mark one letter (A, B, C or D) on your Answer Sheet.&8226;You will need to use some of these letters more than once.

未知题型 &8226;Read the article below about the top brands.&8226;Choose the best sentence from the opposite page to fill each of the gaps.&8226;For each gap 8-12, mark one letter (A-G) on your Answer Sheet.&8226;Do not use any letter more than once.THE 100 TOP BRANDSIt was a tough year to build a brand -- or defend one against the corrosive effects of a bear market, financial scandals, and shifting consumer priorities. For proof, look no further than the fact that roughly half of the 100 global brands that Interbrand Corp. and Business Week ranked this year fell in value compared with a year ago. In this environment, just holding your own is an accomplishment.To qualify for our ranking, brands had to have a value greater than $1 billion. They were selected according to two criteria: (8) They also had to have publicly available market and financial data on which to base the valuation. That excluded some big brands, such as Visa International, the BBC, and Mars.How do you place a value on a brand? (9) Business Week selected lnterbrand's method because it values brands the same way analysts value other assets: on the basis of how much they're likely to earn in the future. Those projected profits are then discounted to a present value based on how risky the projected earnings are -- that is, the likelihood that they will in fact materialize.To start the process, Interbrand first figures out that percentage of overall revenues are accounted for by the power of the brand. (10) Interbrand then deducts a charge for the cost of owning the tangible assets, on the theory that whatever income is generated beyond that cost is due to intangible factors. This is the economic value added by things like patents, customer lists, and, of course, the brand.(11) For example, are people buying Shell gasoline because of the brand name or because the gas station is conveniently located? Interbrand uses market research and interviews with industry executives to sift through those variables. The final phase is to analyze the strength of the brand to figure out how risks those future brand earnings are. To calculate the brand's strength, Interbrand looks at seven factors, including the brand's market leadership, its stability and its ability to cross geographical and cultural borders. (12) Business Week and Interbrand believe this figure comes closest to representing the true economic value of that complex array of forces that make up a brand.